while作为连词,可以连接两个句子或者短语,表达逻辑上或者时间上的关系。其常见的四种句型分别为:while+句子(表示两个动作同时进行),while+句子+,+句子(表示前后两个动作之间的关系,前者通常是持续性动作,后者是突发或短暂性动作),while+句子+that-clause(表示前后两个动作有因果关系),while+短语(表示一个时间段内发生的事情)。我们需要注意,while有时候也可以表示"虽然"的意思,但是这并不是它最常见的用法。熟悉这四种句型有助于我们更好地掌握英语语言的特点和表达方式。
which dsy一般用于从已知或有限范围内的人或事物作出选择的场合,也就是说,其选择对象的范围有一定限制而what一般用于从未知或无限范围内的人 或事物作出选择的场合,也就是说,其选择对象的范围无一定限制。
例如: Which parent loves you better? 父母中,哪个更疼你 (已知或有限范围)
What books do you like reading? 你喜欢读什么书 (未知或无限范围)
Which color is your cap —— red, green or yellow? 你的帽子是那种颜色的——红的、绿的或黄的(已知或有限范围)
What color is the flower? 这朵花儿是什么颜色的(未知或无限范围)
Which were you angry with —— Tom, Mary or Jack? 你刚才生谁的气——汤姆、玛丽或杰克(已知或有限范围)
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的(未知或无限范围)
一、考查表示时间的用法,其意为“当……的时候”。
如:We must strike while the iron is hot.
我们要趁热打铁。
Stand still while I take your photograph.
我给你拍照时站着不要动。
Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday?
假期里我们有足够的书看吗?
Were there any calls for me while I was out?
我出去的时候,有人来过电话吗?
She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning.
她打电话时不愿让任何人听。
二、考查表示让步的用法,其意为“尽管”“虽然”。
如:
While the work was difficult, it was interesting.
虽然工作有难度,但很有趣。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意。
While the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
虽然因特网很有帮助,但我还是认为在其上花太多的时间不是个好主意。
While we don’t agree we continue to be friends.
尽管我们意见不同,我们还是朋友。
While I did well in class, I was a poor performer at games.
虽说我学习不错,我运动却不行。
While a few became richer, many did not.
虽然一些人变得更富有了,但多数人并非如此。
三、考查表示对比的用法,其意为“而”“但”。
如:
In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their children.
有些地方妇女挣钱,而男子则在家里持家和带孩子。
Air is a fluid but not a liquid, while water is both a fluid and a liquid.
空气是流体不是液体,水是流体也是液体。
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.
一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹。
I went swimming while the others played tennis.
我去游泳,而其余的人则去打网球了。
Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lagging far behind.
物价飞涨而收入却远远落后。
四、考查其省略用法,即主句与从句主语相同,且从句谓语动词含有动词be时,通常可省略从句主语和动词be。
如:
While (he was) in prison, she wrote her first novel.
He had strayed from home while still a boy.
他小时候就离开家到处流浪了。